A língua Lingala no Congo-Kinshasa: o perfil sociolinguístico
Mokoto ya Lingala ya Congo-Kinshasa: maye matali bato na maloba
Keywords:
Língua, Lingala, Variação Linguística, RDCAbstract
O presente artigo descreve as origens da língua Lingala, uma das línguas bantu faladas na República Democrática do Congo, na República do Congo, partes da República do Gabão, da República de Camarões, da República do Quênia e da República de Angola. Para além da África, o Lingala é falado na Europa por vários imigrantes africanos. Trata-se de uma língua com tradição escrita e com uma vasta produção literária. Para além disso, a língua Lingala é língua de ensino, o que a torna mais importante. De acordo com Nzoimbengene, o prefixo li- no nome ngala foi acrescido ao nome da língua (ngala) por missionários católicos da Congregatio Immaculati Cordis Mariae no século XX, por volta de 1901 quando queriam publicar gramáticas, dicionários, bíblias e torná-la língua da evangelização. A língua Lingala (classificação: C36d) é uma língua bantu que surgiu da variação da língua bobangi (classificação: C32), que é a mãe de todas as línguas das tribos das margens do Rio Congo. É uma língua que tende a se expandir além fronteiras devido ao estatuto de língua oficial e franca, especialmente no comércio.
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Makomi eye ezali kolimbola ebandeli ya monoko ya Lingala, moko ya minoko ya Bantu oyo elobelamaka na mboka Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Brazza-Ville, biteni ya Gabon, Cameroun, Kenya mpe République mpe ya Angola. Longola Afrika, Lingala elobamaka na bana ya Afrika ebele baye bafandi na Europa. Ezali monɔkɔ oyo ezali na bonkɔkɔ ya kokoma mpe oyo ezali na mikanda mingi. Lisusu, Lingala ezali monoko ya koteya, yango esalaka ete ezala na ntina mingi. Engebene na Nzoimbengene, ba mumpe ya likomba Immaculati Cordis Mariae babakisaki li- na liboso ya nkombo ngala na ekeke ya 20, pene na mobu 1901 ntango balingaki kobimisa gramere, diksionɛrɛ, biblia mpe kosala yango monoko ya kosakola nsango elamu. Monoko ya Lingala (babotiaka: C36d) ezali monoko ya Bantu oyo ebimaki na maye matali monoko ya Bobangi (babokiaka: C32), oyo ezali mama ya minoko nionso ya mabota na libongo ya ebale Congo. Ezali monoko oyo ezali na momesano ya kopanzana na ndelo mpo na ezalela na yango lokola monoko ya mboka bem ya bolobeli mikolo na mikolo, mingi mingi na mombongo.
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